Superannuation and Retiring Abroad: What Happens If You Move to Thailand, Portugal, Spain or the Philippines?

Updated April 2026 · 7 min read

Key takeaways

  • Moving overseas does not automatically close your Australian super account
  • You may still access super once you meet normal conditions of release
  • Super may affect your Age Pension through Centrelink income and assets tests
  • Your new country may tax Australian super differently — do not assume tax-free in Australia means tax-free abroad
  • Currency risk is real — your super is in AUD but your costs may be in THB, PHP or EUR
  • Age Pension + super + savings buffer is the strongest overseas retirement model

Yes. Moving overseas does not automatically close your Australian super account. For many Australians, superannuation remains the core retirement asset even overseas. But the real issue is not whether you can keep your super — it is how your super income interacts with your tax residency, your new country's tax rules, Age Pension tests and exchange rates.

Are you still an Australian tax resident?

If you leave Australia to live overseas, your tax position depends partly on whether you remain an Australian resident for tax purposes.

The ATO says that if you live overseas but remain an Australian tax resident, you still need to lodge an Australian tax return. Australian residents are generally taxed on worldwide income.

This matters because some retirees may physically live overseas but still have strong ties to Australia:

  • a home in Australia
  • spouse or family in Australia
  • Australian bank accounts and investments
  • frequent returns to Australia
  • no clear permanent home overseas
Tax residency is fact-specific and can materially affect your retirement plan. This is not something to guess — get advice before assuming you have become a non-resident.

→ Australian tax residency rules — ATO

Can you access your super while living overseas?

In general, living overseas does not stop you from accessing your super once you meet a normal condition of release — usually reaching preservation age and retiring, or turning 65.

Once eligible you may take your super as:

  • an account-based pension
  • lump-sum withdrawals
  • a mix of pension income and lump sums

The planning question is not just “can I access it?” — it is “Should I draw a regular income, take lump sums, or preserve more of the balance for later?” That decision can affect your tax, Age Pension entitlement, currency risk and long-term security.

How super affects the Age Pension

Superannuation can affect your Age Pension eligibility and payment rate.

Services Australia says the Age Pension income test looks at income from all sources, and the assets test includes financial assets such as savings, shares and superannuation. Deeming rules may apply to financial assets.

FactorHow it may affect your pension
Higher super balanceMay reduce Age Pension under assets test
Account-based pensionMay be assessed under Centrelink income rules
Savings and investmentsDeeming rules may apply to financial assets
Partner's income/assetsAlso included in couple assessments

The real retirement model is usually: what is my combined Age Pension, super income and savings buffer after Centrelink rules, tax, rent, healthcare and currency conversion?

Your destination country may tax your super differently

Australian super may receive favourable tax treatment in Australia, especially in retirement phase. But if you become tax resident in another country, that country may treat your Australian super payments as foreign pension income, investment income or another taxable category.

Thailand

Thailand may tax certain foreign income depending on residency and remittance rules. The rules changed in 2024 and professional advice is needed to understand your specific position.

Portugal

Portugal may tax foreign pension or investment income depending on residency status and available tax regimes. The NHR regime closed to new entrants in 2024.

Spain

Spain may tax worldwide income if you become Spanish tax resident. Your Australian super, pension income and investment income may all require careful review.

Philippines

The Philippines has a territorial-style tax system, but your exact status and income source still need professional review.

Do not assume “tax-free in Australia” means “tax-free abroad”. Get destination-specific tax advice before moving.

Currency risk — your super is in AUD, your life may not be

If your super is invested and paid in Australian dollars but your costs are in Thai baht, Philippine pesos or euros, your lifestyle depends partly on exchange rates.

Currency pairRisk directionWhat changes
AUD/THBAUD weakensThailand costs more in real terms
AUD/PHPAUD weakensPhilippines costs more in real terms
AUD/EURAUD weakensPortugal and Spain costs rise
AUD strengthensAnyCosts fall, purchasing power improves

A practical rule: do not build an overseas retirement plan where everything only works at today's exchange rate.

Common mistakes Australians make

  • Assuming super is treated the same everywhere — it may not be
  • Ignoring Australian tax residency — you can live overseas and still have Australian tax obligations
  • Forgetting Centrelink tests — super and financial assets can affect Age Pension rates
  • Underestimating healthcare — Medicare is not an overseas retirement healthcare plan
  • Comparing countries only by rent — visa, tax, healthcare and insurance can change the final answer significantly
  • Drawing too much super too early — a low-cost country can make retirement feel easy at first, but your plan needs to last decades

Should you take a lump sum before moving overseas?

This is one of the biggest planning questions. Some Australians consider taking a lump sum before becoming tax resident overseas. Others prefer regular income from an account-based pension. There is no universal answer.

The right structure depends on:

  • your age and super balance
  • Age Pension eligibility
  • Australian tax residency status
  • destination country tax rules
  • exchange rates
  • whether you need visa deposits
  • healthcare reserve needs
  • estate planning

A poor withdrawal strategy can create tax, Centrelink or long-term sustainability problems. This is exactly where professional advice matters — before you move, not after.

Which destination fits best for Australians with super?

Thailand

May suit Australians who want lower costs, strong private hospitals and established expat infrastructure. Super helps cover healthcare, housing upgrades and visa requirements.

Fits best: Age Pension + moderate super · Budget for health insurance

Philippines

May suit Australians who want English usage, lower costs and a simpler cultural adjustment. Super gives flexibility even on a modest draw.

Fits best: Age Pension + smaller super balance · Lower monthly costs

Portugal

May suit Australians with stronger super balances who want Europe, safety and lifestyle. Age Pension alone may not leave enough margin.

Fits best: Strong super income · Higher savings · Interest in Europe

Spain

May suit Australians with higher income and savings ready to handle tax and visa complexity.

Fits best: Strong super + savings · Professional tax advice · Clear visa plan

Check your retirement abroad fit

Before choosing Thailand, Portugal, Spain or the Philippines, check how your super, Age Pension, savings and healthcare needs fit each destination.

Free to start · 6 questions · No signup required for the first result

Start my Australia assessment →
Related guides
Can Australians Retire Overseas on the Age Pension?
26-week rule, AWLR and Medicare access explained.
Best Regions in Thailand for Retirement
Which city fits your budget — Bangkok, Chiang Mai and more compared.
Healthcare in Thailand for Retirees
Hospitals by region, accepted insurers and what to budget.
Do Retirees Need a Thai Bank Account?
How to transfer super income and avoid FX costs.

Frequently asked questions

Can you keep your Australian super if you retire overseas?

Yes. Moving overseas does not automatically close your Australian super account. You may still be able to draw from your super once you meet the normal access rules. However, the key issue is how your super income interacts with your Australian tax residency, your new country's tax rules, Age Pension income and assets tests, and exchange rates.

Does Australian super affect the Age Pension if you live overseas?

Yes. Services Australia's Age Pension income and assets tests include superannuation. A higher super balance may reduce your Age Pension, an account-based pension may be assessed under Centrelink rules, and savings and investments may be deemed to produce income. The Age Pension and super work together — not separately.

Will my Australian super be taxed in Thailand, Portugal, Spain or the Philippines?

Possibly. Australian super may receive favourable tax treatment in Australia, but if you become tax resident in another country, that country may treat your super payments as foreign pension income or investment income. Thailand, Portugal and Spain all have rules that may apply to foreign income. Do not assume tax-free in Australia means tax-free abroad.

Should I take a super lump sum before moving overseas?

There is no universal answer. The right structure depends on your age, super balance, Age Pension eligibility, Australian tax residency, destination country tax rules, exchange rates and healthcare reserve needs. A poor withdrawal strategy can create tax, Centrelink or long-term sustainability problems. Professional advice is strongly recommended before making this decision.

ReloComp is a relocation planning and decision-support tool. This guide is for general educational purposes only. It is not financial, tax, legal, migration or pension advice. Superannuation, Age Pension, tax residency and visa rules can change, and your personal circumstances may affect the outcome. Speak with a qualified financial adviser, tax adviser and migration specialist before making relocation decisions.